Securing Your Social Security Number: A Guide by NerdWallet

Social Security numbers are vital for getting jobs, filing taxes, receiving government benefits and much more. If your unique, nine-digit number falls into the wrong hands, it could have disastrous consequences for your finances. Fraudsters may steal your money or tank your credit.

This type of
identity theft
is a very real threat. In 2024, nearly 3 billion Social Security numbers were reportedly compromised in a single hack. But taking steps such as freezing your credit and blocking electronic access to your SSN with the Social Security Administration can reduce your risk.

There are a couple of things you can do to restrict the use of your Social Security number: block electronic access to your SSN and lock it with E-Verify.

Blocking electronic access to your SSN prevents anyone, even you, from obtaining or modifying your personal information with the Social Security Administration online or through the automated phone service. You can call the SSA at 1-800-772-1213 to request a block. You’ll need to call again and verify your identity if you want to remove the block.

E-Verify is a system many employers use to confirm people’s employment eligibility. You can create a myE-Verify account to
place a “Self Lock” with E-Verify
. Locking your SSN prevents anyone else from using it to authorize employment in E-Verify. The lock stays in place as long as your account is valid or until you unlock it.

While this move helps prevent others from using your SSN for employment fraud, it will also prevent employers from confirming your own legitimate work eligibility. Be sure to unlock your SSN before starting a new job.

You can’t put a freeze on your Social Security number the same way you can freeze your credit, but aside from blocking electronic access to your SSN, there are other ways to guard your information.

Freezing your credit report, also known as a security freeze, can prevent scammers from using your Social Security number to open credit accounts in your name. Lenders can’t pull your credit file when it’s frozen, so they’re unlikely to approve credit applications. You can also
freeze your child’s credit
to help stop someone from using their SSN to take out loans and credit cards.

Placing a freeze is free and doesn’t affect your credit score. Note that you need to freeze your credit individually with each major credit bureau, Equifax, Experian and TransUnion. If you plan to apply for new credit, you’ll have to lift the freeze; you can unfreeze your credit indefinitely or for a specified period of time.

Make sure to periodically check your credit reports for signs of fraud, such as accounts you didn’t open or addresses that aren’t yours (you can do this for free as often as once a week through AnnualCreditReport.com). Dispute any inaccuracies with the credit bureaus.

Create a
my Social Security
account online to manage or estimate your benefits and update your contact information. The Social Security Administration says that opening an account is important because it stops someone else from making an account in your name.

The Social Security Administration advises not regularly carrying your Social Security card or other documents that contain your SSN with you. Leave your records at home and out of plain sight.

There are times you can expect to share your Social Security number, such as when you apply for an apartment or a credit card. Other times, it may not be necessary. When you’re asked for your number, the Social Security Administration recommends asking the requester why it’s needed, how it will be used and what happens if you decline to share it.

If you receive a call, text or email asking for your SSN, it’s likely a scam. Scammers often impersonate employers or the Social Security Administration to get money or sensitive information from people
DeFi Daily News
.

Protect yourself from in-person threats too; don’t say your number out loud in public or leave it visible to onlookers.

Paying for an
identity theft protection service
might be worth it if you don’t want to freeze your credit or take the time to inspect your reports. Some services, such as Aura and LifeLock, will notify you if your SSN is found on the dark web or is used to apply for financial accounts.

Despite your best efforts to protect your Social Security number, accidents and data breaches will happen. Here’s what to do you if you have reason to believe your number is at risk: